19 Oct
Articles, CA Final, CA Foundation, CA Intermediate

Complete CA Syllabus and Subjects for Foundation, Inter and Final Exams For the Year 2022

Candidates preparing for the highly competitive CA examinations should be well aware of the syllabus beforehand. The institute of chartered accountants of India(ICAI) conducts the CA exams every year. The university grants commission(UGC), which is a statutory body by the Government of India has declared the CA course as similar to that of a postgraduate degree.

Here is a detailed CA syllabus by Vsmart Academy for the aspirants so that they can have an adequate knowledge of subjects in the CA syllabus, before the commencement of classes.

CA Course Highlights:

Course Name Chartered Accountant
Course structure
  • Foundation level
  • Intermediate level
  • Final level
Course type Certificate course
Course duration 5 years
Total number of Papers
  • CA foundation- 4 papers
  • CA Intermediate- 8 papers
  • CA Final- 8 papers

Minimum Eligibility criteria to apply for CA examinations

  • It is mandatory for all candidates to have passed the 10th and 10+2 from any recognised board.
  • Candidates in commerce field must have at least 55% and in case of belonging to any other stream, a minimum of 60% is required.
  • There is no age limit as such to appear for the CA exams.

CA Foundation Subjects

CA foundation is the stepping stone for an aspiring chartered accountant. The candidate must know of the horizon he/she is stepping towards.

Subjects in the CA foundation exams include:

                    Subjects                  Total Marks
Principles and practices of accounting                         100
Business Law & Business Correspondence and Reporting

  • Business law(60 marks)
  • Business correspondence and reporting(40 marks)
                         100
Business Mathematics and Logical Reasoning & Statistics

  • Business mathematics(40 marks)
  • Logical reasoning (20 marks)
  • Statistics (40 marks)
                         100
Business Economics & Business and Commercial Knowledge                         100

CA Foundation Syllabus

A candidate must secure 40%  in order to pass the CA foundation exams.

Paper 1 Principles and practices of accounting

 Paper 1 ( principles and practices of accounting) includes these below-mentioned subjects:

  1. Theoretical Framework
  2. Accounting Process
  3. Preparation of Trial Balance
  4. Rectification of Errors etc,
  5. Bank Reconciliation Statements
  6.  Inventories
  7.  Concepts and Accounting for Depreciation
  8. Accounting for Special Transactions
  9. Final Accounts of Sole Proprietors
  10. Partnership Accounts
  11. Financial Statements of Not-For Profit Organizations
  12. Introduction to the Company Accounts
  13. Basic Accounting Ratios

Paper 2 Business law & business correspondence and reporting

This paper is divided into two parts, carrying 60 marks and 40 marks respectively.

PART 1  Communication
PART 2
  • Sentence types( direct, indirect, active, passive speech)  
  • Word power( vocabulary root words, synonyms, antonyms, prefixes, suffixes, phrasal verbs, collocations and idioms)
PART 3
  • Comprehension passages 
  • Note making
PART 4  Developing writing skills:

  • Introduction to basic writing
  • Precise writing
  • Article writing
  • Report writing
  • Resume writing
  • Formal letters
  • Formal mails
  • Meetings 

Paper 3 – Business Mathematics and Logical Reasoning and Statistics

The third paper mainly tests the logical intelligence of every candidate. It has again been divided into three parts:

Section A Section B Section C
Ratio and Proportion, Indices and Logarithms Number series, Coding and Decoding and odd man out. Statistical description of Data
Equations and Matrices Direction Tests Measures of Central tendency and Dispersion
Linear Inequalities with Objective Functions and Optimization w.r.t. objective function. Seating Arrangements Probability
Time value of Money Blood Relations Theoretical Distributions
Permutations and Combinations Syllogism Correlation and Regression
Sequence and Series Index Numbers and Time Series
Sets, Relations, and Functions
Basic applications of Differential and Integral calculus

Paper 4 – Business Economics & Business and Commercial Knowledge

The paper 4 has again been divided into two parts, namely section A and Section B:

Section A Section B
Introduction to Business Economics Business and Commercial Knowledge – An Introduction
Theory of Demand and Supply Business Environment
Theory of Production and Cost Business Organizations
Price Determination in Different Markets Government Policies for Business Growth
Business Cycles Organizations Facilitating Business
Common Business Terminologies

The CA Intermediate Subject

The CA Intermediate exam  is the second level to crack the CA exams. It carries 8 subjects and is divided into two groups with each containing four subjects. In order to reach the final level, it is necessary for the aspirants to clear the intermediate level. The candidate is provided with a duration of 8 months to complete these subjects. These subjects are:

                    Subjects                  Total Marks
Principles and practices of accounting                         100
Business Law & Business Correspondence and Reporting

  • Business law(60 marks)
  • Business correspondence and reporting(40 marks)
                         100
Business Mathematics and Logical Reasoning & Statistics

  • Business mathematics(40 marks)
  • Logical reasoning (20 marks)
  • Statistics (40 marks)
                         100
Business Economics & Business and Commercial Knowledge                         100

The CA Intermediate Syllabus

After getting the overview about the CA Inter Subjects it’s time to get a detailed knowledge regarding the syllabus.

Here is a detailed syllabus for better understanding of CA Inter subjects :

SL. NO TOPIC
1. Process of formulation of Accounting Standards including Ind ASs (IFRS converged standards) and IFRSs; convergence vs adoption; objective and concepts of carve outs
2. Framework for Preparation and Presentation of Financial Statements (as per Accounting Standards)
3. Application of Accounting Standards
4. Company Accounts
5. Accounting for Special Transactions
6. Special Type of Accounting
7. Dissolution of partnership firms including piecemeal distribution of assets; Amalgamation of partnership firms; Conversion of partnership firm into a company and Sale to a company; Issues related to accounting in Limited Liability Partnership.

Paper 1 – Accounting

SL. NO TOPIC
1. Process of formulation of Accounting Standards including Ind ASs (IFRS converged standards) and IFRSs; convergence vs adoption; objective and concepts of carve outs
2. Framework for Preparation and Presentation of Financial Statements (as per Accounting Standards)
3. Application of Accounting Standards
4. Company Accounts
5. Accounting for Special Transactions
6. Special Type of Accounting
7. Dissolution of partnership firms including piecemeal distribution of assets; Amalgamation of partnership firms; Conversion of partnership firm into a company and Sale to a company; Issues related to accounting in Limited Liability Partnership.

Paper 2 – Corporate and Other Laws

SECTION A SECTION B
Preliminary The Indian Contract Act, 1872
Incorporation of Company and Matters Incidental thereto The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881
Prospectus and Allotment of Securities The General Clauses Act, 1897
Share Capital and Debentures Interpretation of Statutes.
Acceptance of Deposits by companies
Registration of Charges
Management and Administration
Declaration and Payment of Dividend
Accounts of Companies
Audit and Auditors

 

Paper 3- Cost and management accounting

SL. NO. TOPICS
1.
  • Overview of Cost and Management Accounting: 
  1. Introduction to Cost and Management Accounting.
  2. Elements of cost and preparation of cost sheets.
2.
  • Ascertainment of Cost and Cost Accounting System:
  1. Material Cost
  2. Employee Cost
  3. Direct Expenses
  4. Overheads
  5. Concept of ABC analysis
3.
  • Methods of Costing :
  1. Single Output/ Unit Costing
  2. Job Costing
  3. Batch Costing
  4. Process / Operation Costing
  5. Costing of Service Sectors
4.
  • Cost Control and Analysis:
  1. Standard Costing
  2. Marginal Costing
  3. Budget and Budgetary control.

Paper 4- Taxation

SECTION A SECTION B
Basic concepts Concept of indirect taxes
Residential status and scope of total income Concept and features of indirect taxes
Income which do not form part of the total income Principal indirect taxes
Heads of Income and computation of Income  Goods and Services Tax (GST) Laws
Income of other person’s included in assessee’s total income GST Laws: An introduction including Constitutional aspects
Aggregation of Income, Set off or Carry forward and set off of losses. Levy and collection of CGST and IGST
Deduction from the Gross Total Income Application of CGST / IGST law
Deduction from the Gross Total Income Concept of supply including composite and mixed supplies
Advance Tax, Tax deduction at source and Introduction to Tax Collection at Source Charge of tax
Provisions for filing return of Income and Self Assessment Exemption from tax
Composition levy 

 This paper also includes:

  1. The Basic concepts of time and value of supply:
  • Input tax credit
  • Computation of GST liability
  • Registration

 

  1. Tax invoice; Credit and Debit Notes; Electronic way bill
  2.  Returns

Paper 5- Advanced accounting

SL.NO. TOPICS
1. Application of Accounting Standards.
2. Application of Guidance Notes issued by the ICAI on specific accounting aspects.
3. Special aspects of Company Accounts.
4. Reorganization of Companies.
5. Financial Reporting of Banking, Financial Services and Insurance
6. Valuation of Goodwill.
7. Consolidated Financial Statements.

Paper 6 – Auditing and Assurance

SL.NO. TOPICS
1. Nature, Objective, and Scope of Audit.

  • Auditing Concepts.
  • Standard Setting  Process.
  • Engagement Standards
2. Audit Strategy, Audit Planning, and Audit Programme.
3. Audit Documentation and Audit Evidence
4. Risk Assessment and Internal Control.
5. Fraud and Responsibilities of an Auditor in this regard.
6. Audit in an Automated Environment.
7. Audit Sampling.
8. Analytical Procedures.
9. Audit of Items of Financial Statements.
10. The Company Audit
11. Audit Report
12. Audit of Banks
13. Audit of Different types of Entities.

Paper 7 – Enterprise Information Systems and Strategic Management

SECTION A SECTION B
Automated Business Processes Introduction to Strategic Management.
Financial and Accounting Systems. Strategic Management Process
Information Systems and its Components. Dynamics of Competitive Strategy.
E-Commerce, M-Commerce and Emerging Technologies. Strategic Management Process.
Core Banking Systems. Corporate level strategies.
Organization and Strategic Leadership
Strategy Implementation and Control.

Paper 8 – Financial Management and Economics for Finance

SECTION A SECTION B
Financial Management and Financial Analysis:

  • Introduction to the Financial Management Functions
  • Financial Analysis through Ratios
 Determination of National Income
Financing Decisions:

  • Sources of Finance
  • Lease Financing
  • Cost of Capital
  • Capital Structure Decisions
  • Leverages
 Public Finance
Capital Investment and Dividend Decisions:

  • Capital Investment Decisions
  • Adjustment of Risk and Uncertainty in Capital Budgeting Decision
  • Dividend Decisions
 The Money Market
Management of Working Capital The International trade

The whole CA intermediate exam has a total of 800 marks. When compared to the CA foundation exams, the intermediate level is one scale higher in the difficulty range.

CA FINAL Subjects

Students can appear for the final CA exams only after completing 2.5 years of article ship in the final level. The exams are conducted twice a year. CA final syllabus is divided into two groups, comprising eight papers each. The subjects are as follows:

Total number of Papers CA Final Subjects Total Marks
Paper 1 Financial Reporting 100
Paper 2 Strategic Financial Management 100
Paper 3 Advanced Auditing and Professional Ethics 100
Paper 4 Corporate Laws and other Economic Laws 100
Paper 5 Strategic Cost Management and Performance Evaluation 100
Paper 6 Elective Paper 100
Paper 7 Direct Tax Laws 100
Paper 8 Indirect Tax Laws 100

CA Final Syllabus:

PAPER 1 PAPER 2
Application of Guidance Notes issued by the ICAI on Specified Accounting Aspects. Financial Policy and Corporate Strategy.
Framework for the preparation and presentation of Financial Statements Indian Financial System.
Application of Indian Accounting Standards (IND AS). Risk Management.
Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements (as per IND AS) Security Analysis.
Application of Industry-specific and Transaction-specific Indian Accounting Standards. Security Valuation
Business Combinations and Accounting for Corporate Restructuring/ Demerger  Portfolio Management.
Accounting and Reporting of Financial Instruments (As per IND AS). Securitization
Accounting for Share-Based Payments Mutual Funds
Analysis of Financial Statements. Derivatives Analysis and Valuation
Accounting for Carbon Credits Foreign Exchange Exposure and Risk Management.
Accounting for E-Commerce International Financial Management
Emerging trends in Reporting. Interest Rate Risk Management
Corporate Valuation
Mergers, Acquisition and Corporate Restructuring.
International Financial Center (IFC).
Startup Finance
Small and Medium Enterprises

Paper 3: Advanced Auditing and Professional Ethics

SL.NO. TOPICS
1. Auditing Standards, Statements and Guidance Notes
2. Audit Planning, Strategy and Execution.
3. Risk Assessment and Internal Control
4. Special Aspects of Auditing in an Automated Environment.
5. Audit of Limited Companies.
6. Audit Reports.
7. Audit Reports and Certificates for Special Purpose Engagements.
8. Audit Committee and Corporate Governance.
9. Audit of Consolidated Financial Statements.
10. Special Features of audit of Banks, Insurance and Non Banking Financial Companies.
11. Audit under Fiscal Laws.
12. Special Audit Assignments.
13. Audit of Public Sector Undertakings.
14. Liabilities of Auditors.
15. Internal Audit, Management and Operational Audit.
16. Due Diligence, Investigation and Forensic Audit.
17. Peer Review and Quality Review.
18. Professional Ethics.

Paper 4: Corporate and Economic Laws:

PART – 1    CORPORATE LAWS

SECTION – A  

This paper aims at testing the candidate’s ability to apply laws in practical situations.

  1. Includes Appointment and Qualification of Directors.
  2. Appointment and Remuneration of Managerial Personnel.
  3. Meetings of Board and its Powers.
  4. Inspection, Inquiry and Investigation.
  5. Compromises, Amalgamations and Arrangements.
  6. Prevention of Oppression and Mismanagement.
  7. Winding Up.
  8. Producer Companies.
  9. Companies incorporated outside India.
  10. Miscellaneous Provisions.
  11. Compounding of Offenses, Adjudication and Special Courts.
  12. National Company Law Tribunal and Appellate Tribunal.

SECTION – B :

  •    The Securities Contract (Regulation) Act, 1956 and Securities Contract (Regulation) Rules, 1957. Introduction and Important Provisions.
  1. The Securities Exchange Board of India Act, 1992, SEBI (Issue of Capital and Disclosure Requirements) regulations, 2009 and SEBI(Listing Obligation and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2015.

PART – 2     ECONOMIC LAWS

Concerned topics:

  1. The Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999.
  2. The Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002.
  3. The Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002.
  4. Foreign Contribution Regulation Act, 2010.
  5. The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996.
  6. The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016.

Paper 5: Strategic Cost Management and Performance Evaluation

  • Strategic Cost  Management and Decision Making.

      1. Strategic Cost Management

  1. Strategic Decision Making
  • Performance Evaluation and Control.
  1. Performance Evaluation and Reporting.
  2. Managerial Control.

PART – 1     STRATEGIC COST MANAGEMENT AND DECISION MAKING

SECTION – A    

  1. Introduction to Strategic Cost Management.
  2. Modern Business Environment.
  3. Learn System and Innovation.
  4. Cost Management Techniques.
  5. Cost Management for Specific Sectors.

SECTION – B  

  1. Decision Making
  2. Pricing Strategies / Decisions

PART – 2    

SECTION – A     

  1. Performance Measurement and Evaluation
  2. Divisional Transfer Pricing
  3. Strategic Analysis of Operating Income.

SECTION – B  

  1. Budgetary Control
  2. Standard Costing

SECTION – C 

This section covers basic course concepts.

  • Case Studies (Covering course Concepts)

Paper 6: Elective Paper

Candidates are welcome to select any desired elective in this paper.

  1. 6A Risk Management, 
  2. 6B Financial Services, and Capital Markets, 
  3. 6C International Taxation, 
  4. 6D Economic Laws, 
  5. 6E Global Financial Reporting Standards, 
  6. 6F Multi-disciplinary Case Study

PAPER – 6B:

  1. Global Financial Markets
  2. Impact of Various policies of Financial Markets
  3. Capital Market – Primary
  4. Capital Market – Secondary
  5. Money Market
  6. Institutions and Intermediaries
  7. Commodity Market
  8. A. Banking Management
  9. Banking as a source of capital including NBFCs
  10. Mutual Funds
  11. Private Equity
  12. Investment Banking
  13. Credit Rating
  14. Treasury Operations
  15. Risk Management
  16. Credit Derivatives
  17. SEBI Guidelines

 Topics covered in SFM and law:

  1. Securitization
  2. Fixed Income Securities (Valuation of Bonds/ Debentures)
  3. Derivatives
  4. Interest Rate Risk
  5. The Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992
  6. Legislative framework on listing agreements
  7. The Securities Contract (Regulation) Act, 1956
  8. Chapter III-D of the RBI Act, 1934

PAPER – 6C    INTERNATIONAL TAXATION:

Two divide sections:

  1. Taxation of International Transactions and Non- Resident Taxation in India
  2. Other aspects of International Taxation

SECTION – A  :

Transfer Pricing Provisions under the INCOME TAX Act, 1961.

  1. Arm’s Length Price
  2. International Transactions

 Most Appropriate Method

  1. Functions, Assets and Risk Analysis
  2. Documentation & Compliances
  3. Specific Reporting Regime in respect of Country by Country reporting and master file

 Advance Pricing Agreements

  1. Other Provisions relating to taxation of international transactions and non-resident taxation under the Income-tax Act, 1961
  1. Non-resident Taxation (including Source Rule of Taxation)
  2. Double Taxation Relief

 Advance Rulings:

  1. Law and Procedures under the Black Money (Undisclosed Foreign Income and Assets) and Imposition of Tax Act, 2015 – An Overview.

SECTION – B   

Covered topics:

Overview of Model Tax Conventions.

  1. OECD Model Tax Convention
  2. UN Model Tax Convention

 US Model Tax Convention

  1. Tax treaties, Application, and Interpretation
  2. Features of Tax treaties
  3. Overview of Tax Information Exchange Agreements

 Commentaries and their importance:

  1. Role of Vienna Convention in application and interpretation of tax treaties
  2. Anti Avoidance Measures
  3. Controlled Foreign Corporations
  4. Base Erosion and Profit Shifting

Other Anti-Avoidance Measures:

  1. Taxation of E-Commerce Transactions
  2. Introduction
  3. Emerging issues
  4.  Equalization levy:

PAPER – 6D :

    World Trade Organization (WTO) covering its Role, Principles, Functions and Dispute Settlement Mechanism

  1. Competition Act, 2002 and Rules/ Regulations
  2. Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 [Central Act and Rules/ Regulations]
  3. Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 and Rules/ Regulations
  4. Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 and Rules/ Regulations
  5. Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 and Rules/ Regulations
  6. Prohibition of Benami Property Transactions Act, 1988 and Rules/ Regulations

PAPER – 6E   Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting as per IFRS – 10 Marks

  1. Application of International Financial Reporting Standards – 70 Marks
  2. Significant differences between IFRS and US GAAPs – 20 Marks

PAPER – 6F     

  1. Financial Accounting and Reporting
  2. Audit and Assurance
  3. Taxation
  4. Finance and Financial Management
  5. Management Accounting
  6. Corporate Laws
  7. Business Strategy and Management

Paper 7: Direct Tax Laws & International Taxation:

SECTION – A:

  1. Special provisions relating to companies and certain persons other than a company
  2. Provisions relating to charitable and religious trusts and institutions, political parties and electoral trusts
  3. Tax Planning, Tax Avoidance & Tax Evasion
  4. Collection & Recovery of Tax, Refunds
  5. Income-tax Authorities, Procedure for assessment, Appeals and Revision
  6. Settlement of Tax Cases, Penalties, Offenses & Prosecution
  7. Liability in Special Cases
  8. Miscellaneous Provisions and Other Provisions

SECTION – B        

  1. The provisions under the Income-tax Act, 1961, including
  2. Specific provisions relating to Non-residents
  3. Double Taxation Relief
  4. Transfer Pricing & Other Anti-Avoidance Measures
  5. Advance Rulings
  6. Equalization levy
  7. Overview of Model Tax Conventions – OECD & UN
  8. Application and interpretation of Tax Treaties
  9. Fundamentals of Base Erosion and Profit Shifting

Paper 8: Indirect Tax Laws:

  1. Goods and Services Tax (GST) Law as contained in the Central Goods and Services Tax (CGST) Act, 2017 and Integrated Goods and Services Tax (IGST) Act, 2017
  2. Constitutional aspects
  3. Levy and collection of CGST and IGST – Application of CGST/IGST law; Concept of supply including composite and mixed supplies, inter-State supply, intra-State supply, supplies in territorial waters; Charge of tax; Exemption from tax; Composition levy

 Place of supply

  1. Time and Value of supply
  2. Input tax credit
  3. Computation of GST liability

vii. Procedures under GST – All procedures including registration, tax invoice, credit and debit notes, electronic way bill, accounts and records, returns, payment of tax including reverse charge, refund, job work

  •  Provisions relating to electronic commerce:
  1. Liability to pay in certain cases
  2. Administration of GST; Assessment and Audit
  3. Inspection, Search, Seizure and Arrest

 

  •  Demand and Recovery
  •  Offenses and Penalties
  •  Advance Ruling
  • Appeals and Revision
  • Other provisions

Section B:

  1. Customs Law as contained in the Customs Act, 1962 and the Customs Tariff Act, 1975
  2. Introduction to customs law including Constitutional aspects
  3. Levy of and exemptions from customs duties – All provisions including the application of customs law, taxable

the event, a charge of customs duty, exceptions to levy of customs duty, exemption from custom duty

  • Types of customs duties:
  1. Classification and valuation of imported and export goods
  2. Officers of Customs; Appointment of customs ports, airports etc.
  3. Import and Export Procedures – All import and export procedures including special procedures relating to baggage, goods imported or exported by post, stores
  •  Provisions relating to coastal goods and vessels carrying coastal goods
  • Warehousing
  1. Drawback
  2. Demand and Recovery; Refund
  3. Provisions relating to prohibited goods, notified goods, specified goods, illegal importation/exportation of goods
  • Searches, seizure and arrest; Offenses; Penalties; Confiscation and Prosecution
  •  Appeals and Revision; Advance Rulings; Settlement Commission
  •  Other provisions
  •  Foreign Trade Policy to the extent relevant to the indirect tax laws
  • Introduction to FTP – legislation governing FTP, salient features of an FTP, administration of FTP, contents of

FTP and other related provisions:

  1. Basic concepts relating to import and export of goods
  1. Basic concepts relating to export promotion schemes provided under FTP

CONCLUSION

When it comes to cracking all the three levels of CA, it has been marked and noted that a lot of students give up mid way. Chartered accountants are well paid and this is an extremely prestigious course. If given proper guidance along with hard work, sky’s the limit and anyone can break through this rigid exam. So, never give up and hang in there until you achieve success!

Incase of more such updates, visit us at V-Smart Academy.

ca classes in pune
22 Sep
Articles

Best CA Classes in Pune

V-Smart is recognized to be the best CA class in Pune, known for the quality education they have provided over the years. Students recognize them as the best CA classes in Pune due to the facilities and support the students receive from the Academy.

At V-Smart, the top Faculties in the field are your mentors. They are ever ready to solve every little query you have. They are well known for their creative means of teaching and regular doubt-solving sessions.

The best element of taking admission in V-Smart is their test series. The test series are known to have helped several students across India. It boosts the confidence of students and eliminates their fear of facing the exam.

V-Smart covers all the crucial points required by a student when it comes to studying CA and clearing the exams. The results of their hard work are visible in the form of AIR rankers that pass each year. The count of AIR rankers seems to be increasing every passing year. This is one reason why V-Smart is the best CA Classes in Pune.

CA Foundation Syllabus

It is important that you know the syllabus you are to study. The below table will provide you with the information on CA Foundation Syllabus.

Paper 1 Principles and Practices of Accounting
Paper 2 Mercantile Law and General English
Paper 3 Business Mathematics and Logical Reasoning
Paper 4 Business Economics and Business and Commercial Knowledge

CA Foundation Online Classes in Pune

If you are a student who wishes to study in CA Classes in Pune, but you live too far away, then worry not. We at V-Smart, have our CA foundation Online Classes in Pune program, which will give you the best quality learning experience, similar to the one you will get attending offline classes. We also have Pendrive lectures that are bought by lakhs of students all across India.

CA Foundation Eligibility

There are certain eligibility criteria that you have to cross-check before starting with your CA Foundation journey. Following are all the necessary checkpoints that you have to tick out.

  • The candidate should pass the 12th standard or equivalent examination recognized by the board.
  • The candidate must have registered with ICAI for the CA foundation 4 months before appearing for the examination.
  • If the candidate is a commerce graduate/ post-graduate, they should have minimum 55% marks as a result.
  • If the candidate is a non-commerce graduate/ post-graduate, they should have minimum 60% marks as a result.

CA Intermediate Syllabus

It is highly important that you keep track of the CA Intermediate Syllabus before starting the batch. Having a good understanding of what all are to be studied will make your journey of learning easier.

Paper 1 Accounting
Paper 2 Corporate Laws and Other Laws
Paper 3 Cost and Management Accounting
Paper 4 Taxation
Paper 5 Advanced Accounting
Paper 6 Auditing and Assurance
Paper 7 Enterprise Information Systems & Strategic Management
Paper 8 Financial Management & Economics for Finance

CA Intermediate Online Classes in Pune

You get the best CA Classes in Pune, due to which several students are planning to appear for CA Intermediate exam keep an eye on the best coaching academies. We, V-Smart, are one of them. The benefit of us is that you get the best CA Intermediate Online classes in Pune. We understand that most of you live far away and require a convenient form of education. So with us, you can be worry-free and enjoy the high-quality CA Intermediate Classes in Pune at your convenience.

CA Intermediate Eligibility

There are certain eligibility criteria that you have to cross-check before starting with your CA Intermediate journey. Following are all the necessary checkpoints that you have to tick out.

  • The candidate should pass the CA Foundation exam to register for the CA Intermediate Exam.
  • Candidates can apply through the Foundation route or Direct route while appearing for CA Intermediate.
  • The candidates who have cleared Common Proficiency Test (CPT) / Professional Education (Examination- I) are also eligible for CA Intermediate.
  • If the candidate is a commerce graduate/ post-graduate, they should have minimum 55% marks as a result.
  • If the candidate is a non-commerce graduate/ post-graduate, they should have minimum 60% marks as a result.

CA Final Syllabus

As an aspirant, you should be aware of the syllabus you have to learn to get the title of CA. The following tabular data gives you the syllabus in one go. According to the below-mentioned CA Final Syllabus, you can make your study plan.

Paper 1 Financial Reporting
Paper 2 Strategic Financial Management
Paper 3 Advanced Auditing and Professional Ethics
Paper 4 Corporate and Allied Laws
Paper 5 Strategic Cost Management and Performance Evaluation
Paper 6A Risk Management
Paper 6B International Taxation
Paper 6C Economic Laws
Paper 6D Financial Services and Capital Markets
Paper 6E Global Financial Reporting Standards
Paper 6F Multidisciplinary Case Study
Paper 7 Direct Tax Laws and International Taxation
Paper 8 Advanced Indirect Tax Laws

CA Final Online Classes in Pune

We understand that many students are busy with article ships and are probably far from Pune. Hence, V-Smart gives students the CA Final Online Classes. It is recommended as the best CA Final Online Classes in Pune. You can learn each topic easily at your convenience.

CA Final Eligibility

  • Candidates need to clear both groups of the CA Intermediate Examination.
  • The Candidate must have 40% marks in each subject of single or both groups.
  • The Candidate must have 50% aggregate marks in single or both groups.
  • The Candidate should complete the 4 weeks of Advanced Integrate Course on Information Technology and Soft Skills (AICITSS) consisting of courses on Advanced Information Technology and Management Communication Skills.

CA Classes in Pune

Pune is a very bustling city. Many people migrate here for good education standards and the wide range of opportunities that Pune provides. Hence, CA in Pune is a great choice for all those who wish to become a successful Chartered Accountant with high pay.

Not only is Pune the hub of great opportunities, but it is also the home to several outstanding CA coaching institutes. V-Smart ranks among the top best CA Classes in Pune. This is solely because of the educational value they put in their students that in result brings out amazing results. This year we had immense pride in congratulating our AIR 1 ranker in the Inter Exam. It was another milestone for us that we have immense pride over.

We believe that every student has the capability to reach this benchmark. Hence the entire faculty team of V-Smart focuses on each student we have. Due to this we are well known amongst the students and are preferred by them.

If you are really interested in joining the best CA coaching in Pune, check us out at V-Smart Academy. We have everything you need.

Why Choose VSmart Academy?

Though there are several reasons why we are the students’ favorite choice when it comes to CA coaching, the below points will give you an insight into the same.

Whether it be Online/ Offline/ Pendrive, We Rule!

V-Smart offers students many modes of education. We have to face batches going on through the year for students who feel learning offline is better for them. We also understand that for some students being available physically is not possible. We have live online classes that are highly interactive for students. For those who enjoy self-study at their own pace, we have our Pendrive classes that are easy to understand. So be it any mode of education, V-Smart is there with you.

Meet The Top Faculties, They Are Your Guide

V-Smart is humble adobe to the top-notch faculties of the CA industry. You will be able to interact with them and clear all your doubts. The best part will be learning what really works in the industry. The entire faculty is recognized for making the learning very practical and fun for the students to understand.

Doubt Solving Sessions

V-Smart is really active when it comes to doubt-solving sessions. The faculties keep the session highly interactive and ensure that all the students’ doubts are cleared. The students can always re-watch the session to revise the topics that were cleared in each session. This fundamental of easy accessibility and devoted doubt clearance makes V-Smart stand out. Due to this, the students see V-Smart as the best choice when it comes to CA coaching in Pune.

Test Series

If a student takes the V-Smart test series, their level of confidence to face the exam will increase drastically. The test series are designed by experts, which ensures that every important topic is included. It becomes the mode of testing the existing knowledge and understanding areas of improvement. The faculties dedicate a good amount of time improves the lacking areas. This ensures that you will score better in your exams (whether it be CA Foundation Exam, CA Intermediate exams, or CA Final exams, you will rock it!).

Conclusion

If you still want to know more, Check us out at V-Smart Academy.

You get a glance at the products we offer, the faculties that will teach you, our demos, and much more.

CA Final FR Exam
28 Jul
CA Final

How to Prepare for CA Final FR Exam?

What is Financial Reporting (FR)?

Financial reporting is the art of documenting and communicating the financial activities and performance of an organisation at periodic intervals (quarterly or yearly). Hence the subject CA Final FR helps you develop this skill so that you can utilize it in your future.

CA Final FR Exam Pattern

Before understanding the steps of preparing for your CA Final Financial Reporting (FR) Exam, you need to be aware of your exam pattern. The following table will show you all the necessary details you need to know. 

ParticularsDetails
Name of ExamCA Final Financial Reporting (FR)
Maximum Marks100
Conducting BodyInstitute of Chartered Accountants (ICAI)
Mode of ExamOffline (pen and paper)
Duration of Exam3 hours
Frequency of Examination 2 times a year
Negative MarkingNo negative marking for wrong answers
Language of ExamEnglish and Hindi
Type of QuestionsSubjective

Preparation Strategy for CA Final FR

Many of you might be looking up for CA Final Financial Reporting Classes to help get the desired guidance. Check out V-Smart Academy, it is relied on by several CA aspirants all across India. 

Apart from the classes there are several steps you have to take to get 100% results. Following are the mentioned steps you need to take while preparing for CA Final FR.

Browse through your syllabus

It is important that you go through your syllabus before starting your preparation. It will help you divide the portion into two halves- easy and difficult. By categorizing the topics in these two groups, you will get clarity on where to start. Always start with something difficult because once you are done with it, you feel great about clearing a tough topic. It will help you boost your confidence to study the easier ones.

Understanding the Pattern of CA Final FR Exam

It is necessary to analyze the pattern of the CA Final FR exam so that you get an idea of the paper pattern. This will help you plan out your study sessions. You will understand the time limit within which you have to complete the paper, and accordingly, you will train your pace. Similarly, depending on the kind of question, you will practice your answers as for subjective questions, you have to practice descriptive answers.

Making A Proper Schedule/ Timetable

It is necessary to make and follow a proper schedule while studying a subject. Scheduling will help you divide your time efficiently to complete the entire syllabus. Do not limit time for hard subjects but a lot a specific number of days for your completion cycle. This will help you check and mark your completed topics as you are in the process of learning. 

CA Final FR Study Material

You live in a world where everything is available on the internet. You need to take advantage of that. You can refer to various video lectures of top faculties to understand a specific topic. Through this, you will be able to clear your basics well, which will help you during your exams and future career as a CA.

At V-smart Academy we provide students with proper CA Final study material designed in a manner where they can learn each topic easily.

Practice/ Mock Test

While preparing for the CA final FR exam, you cannot skip this step. It is really important to verify your knowledge and learn. It is also a way of understanding the areas that need more practice. The more practice tests you take, the more confident you grow to face your exam. While you practise your past question papers, you will grow accustomed to the paper pattern making it easier for you to face the examination.

Revising the Topics

Just because you have studied the topic once doesn’t mean it’s over. You have to revise it every now and then to keep it in your memory till the exam date. A revision is essential after you have taken up a practice test or a mock test. It will help you regain confidence in the areas where you were getting stuck. Also, ensure that you keep the week before your exams only for revision. This will help you avoid panic and strengthen the knowledge that you have learnt.

Keynote: Ensure that you revise topics with heavy weightage thoroughly (e.g: Consolidation and Business Combination which carry around 25-35 marks).

Conclusion

This blog provides you with information about the CA Final FR exam. Including exam pattern and preparation strategy. If you commit yourself to the strategy, it will help you get the desired results.

CA Final Exam
28 Jul
CA Final

5 Ways to Clear CA Final Exam in 1st Attempt

The CA exams are given by several aspirants wishing to put the CA prefix in front of their name. The examination is conducted by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI). It is divided into three levels- Foundation, Intermediate, and Final. Designed for the future Chartered Accountants, it isn’t that easy to clear CA Final Exam on 1st attempt.

Several students find themselves the best CA coaching in India to help them with the syllabus. It is also an effective choice because you get CA test Series that are highly effective from an exam point of view. Apart from relying on CA coaching that you have selected there are some disciplines that you have to follow.

Written below are such ways that have proven effective for various scholars to clear the CA Final exam in the first attempt itself. Read on to get a brief overview of each of them.

Making Effective Yet Practical Timetable

Yes, we are aware of how boring it is to make one, but a timetable is needed. It is a way to discipline yourself into a routine and studying pattern. This way, you will get clarity regarding how you are covering the syllabus but also have each point planned out. It will result in faster completion of the syllabus, and you won’t skip out on anything. 

You know your limits, hence plan your breaks and naps accordingly. Keep subjects balanced that you are planning to cover each day. One that interests you and one that you need to practice more on.

Study Thoroughly Not Superficially

While studying, understand the syllabus first and then dive into each subject matter deeply. Do not let the thought of skipping topics enter your mind. For that, you need to start early on with enough time in hand. Do not make any excuses for not having time.

A detailed study is required for each topic. This will give you an upper hand while facing the CA Final exam and your future.

We, at V-Smart Academy, follow this point precisely. While teaching the students we ensure that they are learning for their future and not only from an exam perspective. Due to these several students have trusted their future with us and named us as one of the best CA coachings in India.

Revision With Precision

If you wish to clear CA Final exam on the first attempt, do not miss out on your revisions. Always plan weekly revisions to brief yourself about everything that you have learnt in the past week. It will help you analyse yourself. Keep taking mock tests during these sessions. It will help you figure out areas that need improvement.

Notes To Save You

Notes are a must. You need them to help you clear CA final exam. For your last-minute study sessions, they will be your saviour. So ensure that you are taking notes while learning the topics on a daily basis. Your last-minute revision will rely on these notes to refresh the knowledge learnt in the past few months. 

Let your notes be precise and to the point, not lengthy paragraphs, as they should make you remember the topics, not drive you into a panic.

Bye Bye Distractions

To clear CA Final Exams, you have to keep your distractions, gadgets, and every serious problem long, long away. They are not to interfere with your study sessions. Entertain all of them during your breaks. But until then, they do not exist for you, and keep that as your primary rule.

Conclusion

This blog was written to provide you with effective tips and ways to help you clear CA final exams on the first attempt. All it requires is a few months of hard work and dedication to reach your goals. So it’s up to you to decide.

For more guidance, visit us at V-smart Academy.

30 Jun
Articles, CA Final, CA Intermediate

CA Exemption Rules for Inter and Final Exams by ICAI

An exemption is a way out for many students facing the CA Intermediate and Final exams. The exemption is the situation in which if a student fails in a subject but scores above 60% or more marks in another subject, then they will be exempted from the passing subject and will attend only the ones they have failed. It is only applicable for 3 subjects. There are several CA exemption rules by ICAI that you should be aware of before facing the CA intermediate and final exams. This article will be your guide and answer all your questions regarding the same. 

CA Exemption Rules for CA Intermediate and CA Final

Following are the rules when it comes to CA Intermediate and CA Final Exemption:

  1. A candidate is eligible for exemption only if they have scored a minimum of 60% or more in a paper or papers.
  2. Candidates must have appeared for all papers of CA Intermediate or Final accordingly.
  3. An exemption is valid only for 3 exams.
  4. A candidate is declared to pass if they have scored a minimum of 40% in each subject and aggregate added up to be 50%. This includes the subject the paper candidate has achieved exemption in a previous attempt.
  5. One cannot claim exemption again in a particular group/ unit until the previous exemption is exhausted.

Exemption Criteria

When it comes to the CA exemption rules, the criteria are the same for CA intermediate course as well as CA Final Course. It is according to these criteria that decide your eligibility for exemption.

The following criteria for exemption in CA Inter and Foundation are based on regulation 38 A of the Chartered Accountants Regulation, 1988 as Published by Notification No. 1-CA(7)/51/2000 dated 14th August 2001.

  1. The candidate should be present for all papers.
  2. Candidates should score at least 60% on any paper(s) of the same group.
  3. A candidate can then attempt for those papers or any particular paper in that group in which they have scored below 60%.
  4. If candidates score a minimum of 40% in each subject and have a 50% aggregate with 60 marks in their previous exams, only then are they declared to pass.
  5. Candidates have to specifically mention the exemption subjects. 
  6. The exemption is valid only for the next three attempts.

Implications of CA Exemption Criteria

The above criteria must be met. For that, you have to implement the below conditions:

  1. You have to ensure that you appear for all papers
  2. You have to score at least 60% in one of the papers of the same group in which you have failed in the paper(s).
  3. An exemption is automatically carried forward for the next 3 attempts.
  4. It is only valid for 3 immediately succeeding papers.
  5. If you have scored a minimum of 40% in each paper of the group, then you shall be declared a pass in that group.

Procedure for availing of CA Exemption

There is no specific procedure for availing exemption, but the following points are necessary for you to know about.

  1. The exemption is automatically granted by ICAI to a student appearing in CA Inter or CA Final Exams. The same would be mentioned on the mark sheet awarded to students.
  2. A student isn’t eligible for another exemption until the previously awarded exemption is exhausted.
  3. Foe-exempted students, “#” is used against the subjects in which they had scored a minimum of 60%.
  4. “E” will be marked against the already exempted papers that have been carried forward from the previous examination, provided the exemption is still valid.

Maximum No. of Exemption in CA Intermediate and CA Final Exams

According to the CA Exemption rules, there is no maximum limit to the number of exemptions that can be availed by a student. It only states the fact that a student isn’t eligible for exemption until the previously awarded exemption is exhausted.

Ending Note

Be aware of all the necessities mentioned by the ICAI in their CA Exemption Rules, as it will save you a lot of time and prevent you from making unnecessary mistakes. Please understand that you get enough chances to clear out the examination but ensure you are putting efforts to clear them well.

14 Jun
CA Intermediate

A Guide for CA Intermediate November 2022 Group 2 Paper Preparation

CA Intermediate Group 2 Subjects

The CA Intermediate Group 2 Subjects involve following. Right beside the subjects mentioned is the marks each paper carries. 

Sr.No. Subject  Marks
1. Advanced Accounting 100
2. Auditing and Assurance 100
3. Enterprise Information System and Strategic Management 100
4. Financial Management and Economics for Finance 100

Tips on how to study Advanced Accounting

Before starting the preparation of any subject you need to be aware of all the topics that are covered in that particular subject. Mentioned below are the topics that are included within Advanced Accounting.

  1. Accounting Standards (AS – 7, 9, 14, 18, 19, 20, 24, 26, 29)
  2. Application of Guidance Notes on specified accounting aspects.
  3. Special aspects of company accounts (ESOP, buyback, Underwriting)
  4. Re-organization of companies (Amalgamation, reconstruction and Liquidation)
  5. Financial Reporting of Banking, Financial Services and Insurance (BFSI) (Insurance co, Banking Co, Non-Banking Co, Mutual Funds).
  6. Valuation of Goodwill
  7. Consolidated Financial Statements

After checking out the topic make note of the difficulty level. The topic that is easier for you to start with. All you need is to polish your knowledge regarding it. This will also help you cover the syllabus faster. 

Never forget to practice using old question papers as references. This is the best way of understanding the question paper pattern and also managing your time.

Tips on how to study for Auditing and Assurance

Auditing and Assurance is known to be one of the most challenging subjects in CA Intermediate Group 2. It is seen to be a hard-scoring subject and hence requires a proper preparation. Auditing is one of the essential foundations required to pursue Chartered Accountancy.

Given below is the list of topics included in Auditing and assurance. Check them first so you can familiarize yourself with each of them and start preparing for your exam.

  1. Nature, Objective and Scope of Auditing.
  2. Audit Strategy, Audit Planning and Audit Program.
  3. Audit Documentation and Audit Evidence
  4. Risk Assessment and Internal Control
  5. Fraud and Responsibilities of the Auditor in this regard.
  6. Audit in an Automated Environment.
  7. Audit Sampling
  8. Analytical Procedures.
  9. Audit of Items of Financial Statements
  10. The Company Audit
  11. Audit Report
  12. Audit Banks
  13. Auditing of Different Types of Entities.

You might have heard that when it comes to the Audit paper you have to use bookish language while answering the questions. This is not true. You have to mention the required keywords but you can answer in your own words. The examiner should be able to gaze your understanding regarding the topic while he is assessing your paper.

Starting with an easy topic will help you cover the syllabus faster, increasing your scoring capability. Hence it is suggested that you do not waste time trying to decode hard subjects for yourself but rather start with something you are comfortable with.

Make sure you keep Company Audit as your main priority. It is scoring and you will get the hang of it faster. It has an average weightage of 30 marks of your paper.

Company Audit should be on the top priority.  This chapter is damn easy to read and retain and also very much scoring. It covers an average of 30 marks in your paper.

There are a few more topics that are important and are always better if you have prepared yourself for them. The following points will be your guide on areas you should cover to score higher marks.

  • Special Audits related to clubs, NGOs, Partnership firms, Educational institutions, Hotels, Cinema Halls, hospitals, sole proprietors etc.
  • Vouching and Verification of Cash, Depreciation, Tangible and Intangible Assets.
  • Risk Assessment and Internal Control covering Audit Trail, Audit Risk.
  • Preparation of Audit Report featuring with Audit techniques, Audit Programme, Audit Sampling, Continuous Audit, Letter of Engagement, Management Representation.
  • Inherent Limitations of Audit, Operational Audit, Detection of Fraud and Errors.
  • Audit Documentation and Audit Evidence covering SA 220 and 230.

When it comes to answering the Audit paper, your answer presentation matters. Make sure that you write the answer precisely in points and use the required keywords. It will be great if you can underline the keywords which would give clarity to the examiner and increase your chances of scoring.

Make sure you don’t divot from the question and end your answer with a proper conclusion.

Ensure you are giving sufficient time to practice rom various question papers, may it be from practice manuals, question bank or old question papers.

Tips on how to study for Enterprise Information Systems and Strategic Management

Enterprise Information Systems and Strategic Management is divided into two sections- 

(i) Information Technology (IT)

(ii) Strategic Management (SM)

Out of these 2 SM is considered to be easier and much more scoring when compared to IT. 

Following is the list of topics covered under IT-

  1. Automated Business Process.
  2. Financial and Accounting Systems.
  3. Information system and its components.
  4. E-Commerce, M-Commerce and Emerging Technologies.
  5. Core Banking Systems.

When it comes to Enterprise Information Systems the flowcharts and decision tables can help you score higher. There is one question that carries 8 marks, and it is mostly seen in papers.

The reason why this subject seems a bit difficult for students is due to lack of practice. Such subjects require daily revision to master them, only then will you see visible changes in your score. While preparing you to need to properly understand is topic or it will be of no use to you while facing the exam.

Do not make the mistake of wasting time on only 1 topic. If it is taking time to understand go for things that are easier. All the queries you have regarding the previous topic need to be communicated with your teacher which will be the fastest way of completing the topic.

Having a summary of all chapters in a chart form will help you a lot while revising. Before an exam referring to the entire book may cause a sense of panic and hence it is preferable that you study from your summarized notes or charts.

Tips on How To Study for Financial Management and Economics for Finance

Financial Management and Economics for Finance are divided into 2 parts, namely-

(i) Financial Management- covers 60 marks 

(ii) Economics for Finance- covers 40 marks

Financial Management was earlier a part of 1st group now has become a part of the second group along with Economics for Finance.

Given below is the list of topics that are included in Financial Management:

  1. Financial Management and Financial Analysis (Introduction and Analysis through Ratios)
  2. Financing Decisions (Sources of Finance, Leasing, Cost of Capital, Capital Structure, Leverages).
  3. Capital Investment and Dividend Decisions (Capital Investment, Adjustment of risk and Uncertainty in capital budgeting decision, dividend decisions)
  4. Management of Working Capital

While preparing for this subject you have to start with basic theory and formulas of chapters to help you solve the questions easily.

Cash Flow and Fund Flow are the most important topic that cannot be overlooked.  Take sufficient time to clear your concept and revise all required formulae and concepts.

Alternate your learning pattern. If you are starting with a bigger chapter, choose a short chapter after completing it. It will give you a sense of accomplishment and hence will keep you going.

Make sure you are ready with the practical part as well. Revise all the chapters with the help of charts, notes and formulae sheet that you might have made throughout the learning process.

Given below are the list of topics covered by Economics and Finance-

  1. Determination of National Income
  2. Public Finance
  3. The Money Market
  4. International Trade

If you have put sufficient time into understanding the topics, scoring in this subject will be a piece of cake. You can cover each topic according to your convenience. But make sure that you check the CA Intermediate Group 2 exam dates and plan your studies accordingly.

Approach your teachers and guides whenever you feel necessary. Don’t hesitate to get answers to your question. 

Conclusion

To ace in CA intermediate Group 2 exam you will have to put in sufficient time and effort. Though this article can guide you on the path of covering your syllabus, it’s you who has to start it. 

27 May
Articles, CA Foundation

A Complete Guide on CA Foundation Exam Pattern and Weightage

The CA Foundation exam is an essential part of the process for the students pursuing a CA future. Hence it is important to know the minute details of this exam so that the students can prepare for the exam better.

The CA Foundation Exam is held twice a year. Once in May and once in December. The exam involves 4 papers of 100 marks each. Here you will get all the required details regarding the CA foundation exam. Right from the exam pattern to the weightage breakdown of each topic. 

This will help you get clarity regarding the exam and help you prepare yourself accordingly. Understanding the exam pattern will help you get an overview of what kind of preparation is required to crack the exam. Knowing the topic-wise weightage will help you know how much time you have to invest in each matter. 

CA Foundation Paper Pattern

Read on to get all the required information regarding the CA Foundation exam in one glance. This table tries to cover most of your questions regarding the exam.

Particulars Details
Exam Name CA Foundation
Conducting body The Institute Of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI)
Exam Mode Online centre based
Frequency of Exam TWICE in a year

  • May (or June)
  • November (or December)
Level of exam National level
Difficulty Level Easy to Moderate
No. of Papers 4
Question papers      The CA Foundation exam involves 4 papers:

  • Paper 1 – Principles and Practice of Accounting
  • Paper 2 – Business Laws and Business Correspondence and Reporting
  • Paper 3 – Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics
  • Paper 4 – Business Economics and Business and Commercial Knowledge
Exam Duration 
  • Paper 1 and 2 (3 hours)
  • Paper 3 and 4 (2 hours)
Question Type
  • Paper 1 and 2  (Subjective)
  • Paper 3 and 4 (Objective)
Marks Each paper is of 100 marks.
Total marks 400
Marking scheme
  • Paper 1 and 2 (subjective) – Involves no negative marking
  • Paper 3 and 4 (Objective) – negative marking of ¼ mark for every wrong answer
Medium of exam English/Hindi 

(Except for Paper 2, Section b, which will be in English only.)

CA Foundation Passing Marks in 2022:

The minimum requirement for passing the CA Foundation exam is as follows:

You should have a minimum score of 40% marks on each paper. Your aggregate of all the papers should be a minimum of 50% marks. Remember that some papers are subjected to negative marking. As mentioned above, papers 3 and 4 have negative marking and are objective-type questions. So be prepared with your topics to avoid negative marking.

Topicwise weightage

Knowing the topic-wise paper weightage is always helpful in breaking down your syllabus and studying efficiently. Getting to know which topic has how much weightage makes it easy to prioritize which topic to start with and then sequence the rest.

Paper 1 – Principles and Practice of Accounting

Marks: 100

Sr.No. Topics Weightage
1. Theoretical Framework 5-10%
2. Accounting Process 25-30%
Bank Reconciliation Statement
Inventories
Concept and Accounting of Depreciation
3. Accounting for Special Transactions 15-20%
4. Final Accounts of Sole Proprietors 30-40%
Partnership Accounts
Financial Statements of Not-for-Profit Organisations
5. Introduction to Company Accounts 10-15%

Paper 2: Business Laws and Business Correspondence and Recording

Marks – 100

Sr.No. Topics Weightage
Section A: Business Laws 60 Marks
1. The Indian Contract Act, 1872 25-35%
2. The Sale of Goods Act, 1930 20-25%
3. The Indian Partnership Act, 1932 20-25%
4. The Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008 5-10%
5. The Companies Act, 2013 15-20%
Section B: Business Correspondence and Recording 40 Marks
1. Communication 10-15%
2. Sentence Types and Vocabulary
Vocabulary Root Words, Synonyms, Antonyms, Prefixes, Suffixes, Phrasal verbs, Collocations and Idioms		 20-30%
3. Comprehension Passages and Note-Making 20-30%
4. Developing Writing Skills 35-40%

Paper 3 – Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics

Marks – 100

Sr.No. Topics Weightage
Part A- Business Mathematics    40 Marks
1. Ratio and Proportion, Indices and Logarithms 20-30%
Equations and Matrices
Linear Inequalities
2. Time Value of Money 30-40%
3. Permutations and Combinations 30-50%
Sequence and Series
Sets, Relations and Functions
Basic applications of Differential and Integral calculus part
Part B- Logical Reasoning 20 Marks
1. Number series coding and Decoding and the odd man out 60-70%
Direction Tests
Seating Arrangements
2. Blood Relations 30-40%
Syllogism
Part C- Statistics 40 Marks
1. Statistical Representation of Data, Diagrammatic representation of data, Frequency distribution, Graphical representation of Frequency Distribution in the form of Histogram, Frequency, Polygon, Ogive, Pie-chart 45-50%
Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion: Mean, Median and Mode, Mean Deviation, Quartiles and Quartile Deviation, Standard Deviation, Coefficient of Variation, Coefficient of Quartile Deviation
2. Probability: Independent and dependent events; mutually exclusive events. Total and Compound Probability; Bayes’ theorem; and Mathematical Expectation 25-30%
Theoretical Distribution: Binomial Distribution, Poisson distribution–basic application and Normal Distribution – basic applications.
3. Correlation and Regression: Scatter diagram, Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation Rank, Correlation, Regression lines, Regression equations and Regression coefficients 10-15%
4. Index Numbers and Time series 10-15%

Paper 4 – Business Economics and Business and Commercial Knowledge

Marks – 100

Sr.No. Topics Weightage
Part 4A- Business Mathematics   60 Marks
1. Introduction to Business Economics 15-20%
2. Theory of Demand and Supply 35-40%
Theory of Production and Cost
3.  Price Determination in Different Markets 25-30%
4. Business Cycles 15-20%
Part 4B- Business & Commercial Knowledge 40 Marks
1. Introduction to Business 15-18%
2. Business Environment 15-18%
3. Business Organizations 15-18%
4. Government Policies for Business Growth 15-18%
5. Organizations Facilitating Business 15-18%
6. Common Business Terminologies

Hope you got a thorough breakdown of all the topics in the syllabus and their weightage. Now all you have to do is divide your time accordingly so that you can effectively cover the entire CA Foundation syllabus and score better marks.

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